Author(s): Celli B.R.; Anderson J.A.; Brook R.; Calverley P.; Cowans N.J.; Dixon I.; Crim C.; Morris A.; Yates J.; Kim V.; Martinez F.J.; Newby D.E.; Vestbo J.
Source: BMJ Open Respiratory Research; May 2019; vol. 6 (no. 1)
Publication Date: May 2019
Publication Type(s): Article
Available at BMJ Open Respiratory Research – from Europe PubMed Central – Open Access
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Abstract:Rationale Systemic levels of C reactive protein (CRP), surfactant protein D (SPD), fibrinogen, soluble receptor of activated glycogen end-product (sRAGE) and club cell protein 16 (CC-16) have been associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) outcomes. However, they require validation in different cohorts. Objectives Relate systemic levels of those proteins to forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1) decline, exacerbations, hospitalisations and mortality in COPD patients (FEV 1 of >=50 and <=70% predicted) and heightened cardiovascular risk in a substudy of the Study to Understand Mortality and MorbidITy trial. Methods Participants were randomised to daily inhalations of placebo, vilanterol 25 mug (VI), fluticasone furoate 100 mug (FF) or their combination (VI 25/FF 100) and followed quarterly until 1000 deaths in the overall 16 485 participants occurred. Biomarker blood samples were available from 1673 patients. The FEV 1 decline (mL/year), COPD exacerbations, hospitalisations and death were determined. Associations between biomarker levels and outcomes were adjusted by age and gender. Results Systemic levels of CC-16, CRP, sRAGE, SPD and fibrinogen did not relate to baseline FEV 1, FEV 1 decline, exacerbations or hospitalisations. Fibrinogen and CRP were related to mortality over a median follow-up of 2.3 years. Only the CC-16 changed with study therapy (VI, FF and FF/VI, p<0.01) at 3 months. Conclusions In COPD, systemic levels of CC-16, CRP, sRAGE, SPD and fibrinogen were not associated with FEV 1 decline, exacerbations or hospitalisations. These results cast doubts about the clinical usefulness of the systemic levels of these proteins as surrogate markers of these COPD outcomes. The study confirms that CRP and fibrinogen are associated with increased risk of death in patients with COPD. Trial registration number NCT01313676.
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Database: EMBASE